Difference between revisions of "DreamCatcher"

Revision as of 20:53, 1 August 2017

1 Setting up the OS
2 Burning the image to an SD Card
3 Board LEDS
4 RF Ports
5 Outernet Specific Applications
- 5.1 ONDD Setup
  - 5.1.1 Command Help
6 ADS-B reception using dump1090
7 Running the Dreamcatcher SDR from another System
8 Listen to FM broadcasts
- 8.1 Install necessary Software
- 8.2 Enable sound output through the 3.5mm TRRS connector

Setting up the OS

There are two OSs that you can use on the DreamCatcher.

Armbian: Standard ARM Linux OS based on Debian, Highly supported but does NOT have build in support for Outernet. This OS requires lots of tweaking to up and going...; Armbian for DreamCatcher, V5.27

Skylark: Os based on Busybox is read only and has the full Outernet system ready to go. This is the one to use if you want to play with outernet with no tweaking; Skylark, for the Passive Antenna, Released May 14, 2017; Skylark, for the Active Antenna, Released June 22, 2017

Burning the image to an SD Card

A microSD greater than 4GB in size is required.

Extract the image

It is compressed using "gzip.", many common Unzipping tools on your chosen OS can un-compress these.

Linux / OSx: gunzip [filename.gz]

Windows: use 7Zip

Write the image to the SD card

the best way to burn the SD card is by using etcher here---> https://etcher.io/

Startup the DreamCatcher with Armbian Distro

1) Insert SD card into Dreamcatcher board slot marked "SD0_OS," next to LED array.

2) insert the USB Wifi Dongle, or other USB network device if you have it.

3) Optionally - connect the USB Cable to your PC with a terminal application open.

4) connect power to a USB port, or alternatively the USB cable to PC can provide power

after the bootup process you should see a "Dreamcatcher Login:" prompt

Default Username: root
Default Password: 1234

Configure Wifi

To connect to a wifi network, you can use one of the following methods, SSID/password will be stored and applied automatically at next boot.

Single Command Line

nmcli d wifi connect [your_ssid] password [your_password]

nmcli d wifi connect MYSSID password IMSOSECURE

if you succeed, you should see something like:

Connection with UUID '8f820c8a-5af3-4336-8161-6f57030a7ec5' created and activated on device 'wlan1'

Simple Command line Gui

nmtui

The UI is very self explanatory.

Check the current IP

to check assigned ip use:

ifconfig

root@dreamcatcher:/etc# ifconfig
lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1
          RX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:1104 (1.0 KiB)  TX bytes:1104 (1.0 KiB)

wlan1     Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr e8:4e:06:4b:a6:fa  
          inet addr:10.0.1.150  Bcast:10.0.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::ea4e:6ff:fe4b:a6fa/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:78 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:41 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:14882 (14.5 KiB)  TX bytes:4947 (4.8 KiB)

Install The RTL-SDR Libraires and Utilities

To install librtlsdr and sdr utilities like rtl_fm etc, use:

apt update; apt install rtl-sdr

(you will need to have already connected to network for this to work)

Shutting Down

Unlike Skylark, the root filesystem here is modified and is writeable, so it is important you shut this down properly:

sudo poweroff

Board LEDS

Onboard LEDs can be controlled by writing to the ON/OFF Control file in SysFs. In the case of LED1/Pckts to turn on the led, write a 1 to the SYSFS Device On/Off Control.

To Turn the Led on:

echo 1 > /sys/class/leds/packet/brightness

To Turn it off:

echo 0 > /sys/class/leds/packet/brightness

LED1 / Pckts
Description	Flashes with Outernet Packets are Received
Color	Green
Default at Boot	OFF
SysFs Device	/sys/class/leds/packet
Usage	On/Off = brightness
Notes	Unused in Armbian

LED2 / Flock
Description	Satellite Lock Indicator on when satellite signal is locked
Color	Red
Default at Boot	OFF
SysFs Device	/sys/class/leds/lock
Usage	On/Off = brightness
Notes	Unused in Armbian

LED3 / SNR1
Description	SNR indicator
Color	Blue
Default at Boot	OFF
SysFs Device	/sys/class/leds/snr1
Usage	On/Off = brightness
Notes	Unused in Armbian

LED4 / SNR2
Description	SNR indicator
Color	Blue
Default at Boot	OFF
SysFs Device	/sys/class/leds/snr2
Usage	On/Off = brightness
Notes	Unused in Armbian

LED5 / SNR3
Description	SNR indicator
Color	Blue
Default at Boot	OFF
SysFs Device	/sys/class/leds/snr3
Usage	On/Off = brightness
Notes	Unused in Armbian

LED6 / SNR4
Description	SNR indicator
Color	Blue
Default at Boot	OFF
SysFs Device	/sys/class/leds/snr4
Usage	On/Off = brightness
Notes	Unused in Armbian

LED7 / USR1
Description	sdcard activity indicator. equivalent of the HDD activity light
Color	Green
Default at Boot	OFF
SysFs Device	/sys/class/leds/storage
Usage	On/Off = brightness
Notes

LED8 / USR2
Description	heartbeat: flashes when kernel is booted and working normally.
Color	Green
Default at Boot	OFF
SysFs Device	/sys/class/leds/heartbeat
Usage	On/Off = brightness
Notes	long off, N short flashes, long off, repeat, where N = 2 * Load_Average

LED9 / PWR
Description	Power: White LED, on when board is powered.
Color	White
Default at Boot	ON
SysFs Device
Usage
Notes

LED10 / AGP3
Description
Color	Red
Default at Boot
SysFs Device
Usage
Notes

LED11 / STATUS
Description
Color	Green
Default at Boot
SysFs Device
Usage
Notes

LED12 / USBH
Description	USB Hub Indicator Light, Green when active
Color	Green
Default at Boot	ON
SysFs Device	/sys/class/leds/usbhuben
Usage	On/Off = brightness
Notes	Turning this off, will disable all USB ports.

RF Ports

There are two RF ports on the DreamCatcher, they are labeled "LNA_IN" (at the corner of the board), and "LNA_BYPASS". They are SMA Type connections. To enable them you will write a 0 or a 1 to the appropriate SYSFS file location. Writing a 1 will enable it, and a 0 will disable it. if you enable one, you must disable the other;

NOTE: you must be a Superuser to control these... use "sudo su" first

Enable LNA_BYPASS

This is normally selected when you are using an external LNA, or Active Antenna

echo 1 > /sys/class/leds/rfswitch1/brightness
echo 0 > /sys/class/leds/rfswitch2/brightness

Enable LNA_IN

This would be used with a passive antenna or internal LNA

echo 0 >  /sys/class/leds/rfswitch1/brightness
echo 1 >/sys/class/leds/rfswitch2/brightness

Enable LNA_BYPASS Bias Tee

To Enable the bias tee, use the following commands

NOTE: 68 mA current limit set by R76/100k

echo 119 > /sys/class/gpio/export
echo out > /sys/class/gpio/gpio119/direction
echo 1 > /sys/class/gpio/gpio119/value

Outernet Specific Applications

ONDD Setup

FTP to a DreamCatcher, copy the following files off of the system... be SURE to FORCE binary transfer.

/usr/sbin/ondd (md5:207723be33f4da57bd64a6549e11e95d)

/usr/sbin/ontimeout (md5:5092f17f0152ca352799290999ba7a6c)

Create an empty conf file

/etc/ondd/ondd.conf

Create a place to place downloads

/home/downloads (or wherever)

Create a place for download cache

/home/download_cache

Run ondd with the following command:

/usr/sbin/ondd -d --pid_file /var/run/ondd.pid --cfg-gile [empty cfg file you created] -c [location for download cache] -o [location for completed downloads] -D /var/run/ondd.data --sdr-timeout-handler /usr/sbin/ontimeout

Command Help

[Skylark][outernet@outernet:/usr/sbin]$ /usr/sbin/ondd -h

00:11:21.099 [main] Unable to load config: /etc/ondd.conf (null)

Usage: ondd

--cfg-file CONFIG_FILE override default config file location

--pid-file PID_FILE override default pid file location

--ctrl-sock SOCK_FILE override default control socket path used for ipc

--status-sock SOCK_FILE override default status report socket path - status e

--cert-file CERT_FILE override default ceritificate file location

-D SOCK_FILE data socket path to which the demodulator sends raw s

--sdr-timeout-handler script to execute if no data arrives through the date

-o PATH path to output directory where downloaded files are d

-c PATH path to cache directory where partially downloaded fd

-O PATH if specified, files which path does not begin with td

-b N set the maximum number of download completion eventsy

-d start ondd in daemon mode

-i print to stdout the current signal strength and snr,d

-V enable verbose mode

-v display ondd version info

-h display this helptext

ADS-B reception using dump1090

Install Updates and Base Packages

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade
sudo apt install rtl-sdr librtlsdr-dev pkg-config build-essential
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/keenerd/rtl-sdr/master/rtl-sdr.rules
sudo mv rtl-sdr.rules /etc/udev/rules.d/
sudo reboot

Install dump1090

Download and compile dump1090 (one time only):

mkdir adsb
cd adsb
git clone https://github.com/MalcolmRobb/dump1090
cd dump1090
make

Antennas

Hook-up a 1090MHz antenna, suitable for ADS-B reception to the LNA_BYPASS RF input of Dreamcatcher. You can find some good starting points here: http://discussions.flightaware.com/ads-b-flight-tracking-f21/three-easy-diy-antennas-for-beginners-t20177.html

Running dump1090

echo 1 | sudo tee /sys/class/leds/rfswitch1/brightness
echo 0 | sudo tee /sys/class/leds/rfswitch2/brightness
./dump1090 --interactive --net

NOTE: The “rfswitch1” and “rfswitch2” lines are not strictly necessary, but will not hurt anything - the Dreamcatcher Armbian image ships with the LNA bypass enabled by default.

Accessing dump1090 Via the Network

View http://<ip of dreamcatcher>:8080 in your browser.

If you have a mdns-capable network and OS, you should be able to access your dreamcatcher using the name “dreamcatcher.lan”, once it has registered on your wifi network - i.e. you can just type http://dreamcatcher.lan:8080 into your browser.

Running dump1090 as a daemon

if you dump1090 to run in the background after a reboot, you need to set it up as a daemon.

Create a Startup script in /etc/init.d

The following is a sample startup script. This was poached from this site: http://www.satsignal.eu/raspberry-pi/dump1090.html

Create a simple script in /etc/init.d, in my case i called it, dump1090.sh
Cut and paste the following into the file

#!/bin/bash
### BEGIN INIT INFO
#
# Provides:		dump1090
# Required-Start:	$remote_fs
# Required-Stop:	$remote_fs
# Default-Start:	2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop:		0 1 6
# Short-Description:	dump1090 initscript

#
### END INIT INFO
## Fill in name of program here.
PROG="dump1090"
PROG_PATH="/home/pi/dump1090"
PROG_ARGS="--interactive --net --no-fix --net-ro-size 500 --net-ro-rate 5 --net-heartbeat 60 --gain -10"
PIDFILE="/var/run/dump1090.pid"

start() {
      if [ -e $PIDFILE ]; then
          ## Program is running, exit with error.
          echo "Error! $PROG is currently running!" 1>&2
          exit 1
      else
          ## Change from /dev/null to something like /var/log/$PROG if you want to save output.
          cd $PROG_PATH
          ./$PROG $PROG_ARGS 2>&1 >/dev/null &
          echo "$PROG started"
          touch $PIDFILE
      fi
}

stop() {
      if [ -e $PIDFILE ]; then
          ## Program is running, so stop it
         echo "$PROG is running"
         killall $PROG
         rm -f $PIDFILE
         echo "$PROG stopped"
      else
          ## Program is not running, exit with error.
          echo "Error! $PROG not started!" 1>&2
          exit 1
      fi
}

## Check to see if we are running as root first.
## Found at http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/shell-root-user-check-script.html
if [ "$(id -u)" != "0" ]; then
      echo "This script must be run as root" 1>&2
      exit 1
fi

case "$1" in
      start)
          start
          exit 0
      ;;
      stop)
          stop
          exit 0
      ;;
      reload|restart|force-reload)
          stop
          start
          exit 0
      ;;
      **)
          echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|reload}" 1>&2
          exit 1
      ;;
esac
exit 0

NOTE: You need to alter the PROG_PATH value to the location of your dump1090 application

set the permission to executable
```
sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/dump1090.sh
```
Install to the startup directories
```
sudo update-rc.d dump1090.sh defaults
```
NOTE If you want to remove it later
```
sudo update-rc.d -f dump1090.sh remove
```
Test Start the application
```
sudo /etc/init.d/dump1090.sh start
```
NOTE: If you want to stop it
```
sudo /etc/init.d/dump1090.sh stop
```

Running the Dreamcatcher SDR from another System

The SDR on the dreamcatcher is connected the the CPU via USB, this connection can be changed to an external USB and the SDR can be connected to another systems USB. Doing this will prevent the SDR from being used by the dreamcatcher.

To Do this:

Populate USB1 connector (or just solder wires for a usb pigtail cable)
Remove R72 and R73 and move them to the R116 and R117 footprints.

This will disconnect the SDR from the usb hub on the DreamCatcher and route it's usb to the external cable.

Listen to FM broadcasts

Its possible to listen to standard FM broadcast radio using the Dreamcatchers SDR.

Install necessary Software

sudo apt install rtl-sdr sox

Enable sound output through the 3.5mm TRRS connector

alsamixer

Enable every column except the second and third by pressing “m” (for mute/unmute) when the column is selected. Use the keyboard left-arrow and right-arrow keys to move among the columns. For the second column, use up-arrow and down-arrow keys to adjust output volume. Be careful to not set it too high; if the column color changes to white, it has been set too high. Leave the third column muted.

You may have to reset theseAon every boot. Alternatively, you can save and restore them using: sudo /usr/sbin/alsactl store sudo /usr/sbin/alsactl restore

Connect a TRRS (tip-ring-ring-sleeve) headset cable - the kind you might use with an Android phone - to the 3.5mm connector on Dreamcatcher that is labelled “headphn”. This has 4 conductors - a “normal” set of headphones has 3.

Run this:

rtl_fm -f 104.7M -M fm -s 340k -A fast -r 32k -l 0 -E deemp | play -r 32k -t raw -e s -b 16 -c 1 -V1 -

More information about the various command line options is at the rtl_fm homepage at http://kmkeen.com/rtl-demod-guide/

Obviously, the most important one is the -f option for selecting the tuned frequency. You may also have to play around with the -s if the output is noisy. FM broadcasts tend to be quite powerful signals, and I have not needed an antenna for receiving any of the local stations, but in case of bad reception, just adding a sub-1M SMA cable at the LNA_BYPASS RF input of the Dreamcatcher should improve reception dramatically.